At present, the intelligent manufacturing systems of most enterprises and industries in my country are still in the local application stage, and only a few large enterprises have a relatively high coverage of information technology in a single business, and a certain degree of collaboration and integration has been achieved between the application systems of key business links. From the perspective of the productivity level of manufacturing enterprises, a large number of enterprises are in Industry 2.0 and need to make up lessons, some are in Industry 3.0 and need to be popularized, and some companies are in Industry 4.0 and need to demonstrate.

1. Development Trends and System Solutions of Intelligent Manufacturing

The first major trend: intelligent manufacturing is a systematic project, which is complex and systematic, involving the whole life cycle of products such as design, production, logistics, sales, and service, and involves the implementation of equipment layer, control layer, management layer, and enterprise layer. , cloud service layer, network layer and other enterprise system architectures need to achieve horizontal integration, vertical integration and end-to-end integration. Due to factors such as insufficient capital investment, long technology research and development cycle, and process barriers, it is difficult for a single system solution provider to meet the development needs of intelligent manufacturing in various sub-sectors. Enterprises will continue to strengthen collaborative innovation to strengthen the supply of intelligent manufacturing system solutions. ability.

The second major trend: the intelligent manufacturing system architecture will be further improved, and the integration and development of the industrial software field will become the focus. At present, there is no intelligent manufacturing solution provider that can open up the entire architecture system in China, but with the continuous improvement of the technical level, the system solution provider will continue to improve the architecture system. Intelligent manufacturing system solutions mainly rely on software and hardware products and systems to realize mutual identification, real-time interaction and information integration of manufacturing elements and resources. From the perspective of hardware, based on the practical need of greatly reducing the cost, the highly versatile part of the hardware will be increasingly modularized and standardized. From the software level, industrial software exists in every corner of intelligent manufacturing, and intelligent manufacturing solutions will rely more on the integration and development of software parts (SFC, MES, ERP, PLM) that are closely related to the hardware layer. MES is the The core part of the software layer.

2. Analysis of the development trend of smart factories in my country

At present, the popularity of intelligent manufacturing is very high, and industries such as petrochemical, steel, machinery and equipment manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, aerospace, and aircraft manufacturing have begun to explore the construction of intelligent factories. "Made in China 2025" clearly proposes to promote the intelligentization of the manufacturing process and pilot the construction of smart factories/digital workshops in key areas, which will surely accelerate the application and promotion of smart factories in the industrial field. It is expected that in the next 3-5 years, a number of smart factories will emerge across the country.

3. The connotation and construction focus of smart factories

Smart factory is an important carrier to realize intelligent manufacturing. It mainly realizes the intelligentization of production process by building intelligent production system and networked distributed production facilities. The smart factory prototype built by enterprises based on CPS and industrial Internet mainly includes physical layer, information layer, big data layer, industrial cloud layer, and decision-making layer. Among them, the physical layer includes hardware devices at different levels in the factory, starting from the smallest embedded devices and basic components, to sensing devices, manufacturing equipment, manufacturing units, and production lines, all of which are interconnected. Based on this, a vertical integration environment that is "testable, controllable, production and manageable" is built. The information layer covers all aspects of the company's business operations, including R&D and design, manufacturing, marketing services, logistics and distribution and other business management activities, as well as the resulting crowd-creation, personalized customization, e-commerce, visual tracking and other related businesses. On this basis, the horizontal integration environment of the internal value chain of the enterprise is formed to realize the circulation and exchange of data and information.

Both vertical integration and horizontal integration are based on CPS and the Industrial Internet. The interconnection of manufacturing systems such as products, equipment, manufacturing units, production lines, workshops, and factories, as well as their integration and unification with different business links of the enterprise, is achieved through data application and The industrial cloud service is realized, and at the decision-making level, it supports the highest decision-making of the enterprise based on product, service, and equipment management. These together build a complete value network system for smart factories, providing users with end-to-end solutions.

Due to the obvious differences in product manufacturing processes, discrete manufacturing and process manufacturing have different priorities in smart factory construction. For discrete manufacturing, products are often assembled from multiple parts and components through a series of discontinuous processes. The process contains many changes and uncertain factors, which increases the difficulty and matching of discrete manufacturing production organization to a certain extent. Complexity. Enterprises often arrange the location of production equipment according to the main process flow, so as to minimize the transmission distance of materials. Order-oriented discrete manufacturing enterprises have the characteristics of multiple varieties and small batches, and their process routes and equipment are more flexible. Therefore, discrete manufacturing enterprises pay more attention to the flexibility of production, and their smart factory construction focuses on intelligent manufacturing production lines.

4. Main construction modes of smart factories

Due to the different production processes in various industries and the different intelligence situations in various industries, smart factories have the following different construction modes.

The first model is from the digitization of the production process to the smart factory. In the fields of petrochemical, steel, metallurgy, building materials, textile, paper, medicine, food and other process manufacturing, the internal driving force for enterprises to develop intelligent manufacturing lies in the controllability of product quality, focusing on starting from the digital construction of production, based on quality control requirements from product end control to product end control Full process control transformation.

The second model is from smart manufacturing production units (equipment and products) to smart factories. In discrete manufacturing fields such as machinery, automobiles, aviation, ships, light industry, household appliances and electronic information, the core purpose of enterprises developing intelligent manufacturing is to expand the value space of products, focusing on the automation of single equipment and product intelligence, based on production efficiency and product performance improvement to achieve value growth.

The third model is from personalization to connected factories. In the field of consumer goods manufacturing, such as home appliances, clothing, and home furnishing, which are closest to users, the focus of enterprises to develop intelligent manufacturing is to fully meet the diversified needs of consumers while achieving economies of scale in production.

5. Key links in the development of smart factories

With the approach of the future wave of smart factory development. In the future, several industries or fields will usher in a development climax. The first is virtual simulation design. With the development of 3D digital technology, the traditional simulation design mode based on experience is gradually transformed into a virtual design mode based on 3D modeling and simulation, so that future smart factories can use 3D digital modeling, process virtual simulation, and 3D visualization. On-site application of the process, avoiding the break of the information transmission chain in the development process of the traditional "3D design model → 2D paper drawing → 3D process model", abandoning the conversion between 2D and 3D, improving the efficiency of product development and design, and ensuring product development and design quality.

In the future, my country should focus on breaking through the three links of MBD technology, physical simulation engine system architecture, and simulation model. The second is networked smart devices. The intelligence of production equipment will be rapidly improved under the conditions of networking, and the traditional manufacturing model will undergo subversive changes, which are embodied in three aspects: highly intensive production equipment, intelligent production equipment and flexible manufacturing methods.

Once again, it is modular custom production. The profitability of multi-batch and small-volume production is gradually improved under the modular production method, and the products are increasingly meeting the individual needs of consumers, which are embodied in the two aspects of module production and module assembly.

Finally, there is a new flexible human-computer interaction. With the accelerated pace of technological integration, the information exchange method between humans and machines is moving towards a higher level, and new human-computer interaction methods are gradually applied in the field of manufacturing. It is embodied in two aspects: the flexibility of intelligent interactive equipment and the application of intelligent interactive equipment in the industrial field.